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Q .12. On the given outline map of India, mark and show the following:
Any five major Indian states in 1947.(6 marks)
Ans. 12
OR
On the given outline map of India, mark and show the following:
Expert of the Maratha territory in 1805 with any four of its important centres.
Ans.
Q.13. What was the Atlantic Charter?(2 marks)
Ans. The Atlantic charter was issued by the American President Franklin Roosevelt and the British PrimeMinister Winston Churchill in 1945 AD
Its main provisions included the right of self determination for all nations, democratization of Germany after the resumption of normalcy, working for the United States of America.The main aim of the charter being to restore peace and order in the world.
Q.14. What were the causes behind the out break of the First World War?(5 marks)
Ans. The First World War which broke out in 1914 AD was a multi faceted war. No single cause or event could be regarded as the sole cause of the war, which engulfed the whole world. One of the most important reason which led the Capitalist nations to war was Imperialism .The mutual struggle among the Imperialist countries such as England, France, Holland, Russia, Germany, Italy etc. was linked with the conquest of the regions of Asia and Africa.Very often the disputes among these countries were solved by mutual understanding but sometimes due to conflict, warlike situations developed.
Countries like Japan, Germany and Italy were late in joining the Imperialist bandwagon. Consequently, when these countries came to power due to Industrial revolution and political and economic stability in their countries, they were not left with much choice to select colonies as most of lucrative territories in Asia and Africa were already under control of France, Britain, Holland and Russia. Thus a war was inevitable. The Franco -German rivalry over Morocco and the Anglo -German rivalry were over the colonies.
The world was soon divided in powerblocks as Germans under Bismarck and the Japanese started building their naval and military power. Italy and Austria joined them. This alliance is called as Triple Alliance which was formed in1882 AD. The Russians, French and the British also joined in a pact known as the Triple Entete formed in 1907.
The gunpowder of the war was ready. The murder of Austrian prince, Archduke Ferdinand by a Serbia in June 1914 provided the spark, which led the World to War.
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